Intermediate R

Padding a 2-character width integer with zeroes

for (i in seq(1, 10)){
    cat(sprintf("Padding with zeroes: %02d\n", i))
}

Padding with zeroes: 01
Padding with zeroes: 02
Padding with zeroes: 03
Padding with zeroes: 04
Padding with zeroes: 05
Padding with zeroes: 06
Padding with zeroes: 07
Padding with zeroes: 08
Padding with zeroes: 09
Padding with zeroes: 10

Writing a float with different numbers of decimal points

cat(sprintf("Long %12.8f, Short %5.2f\n", 23/7, 23/7))

Long   3.28571429, Short  3.29

Writing a big number in scientific notation

cat(sprintf("Age of the universe: %E years?\n", 14000000000))

Age of the universe: 1.400000E+10 years?